Remands to Local Authority Accommodation or to Youth Detention Accommodation

The court will ask the YOT officers in court which is the designated local authority for the child or young person. If a remand to Youth Detention Accommodation is being considered, it is important that this designation is correctly made. For Looked After children and young people, the designation must be to the 'home' authority, regardless of where they are living or where the offence took place.

Children and young people in custody can be particularly vulnerable. When a child or young person is remanded, the social worker should request a copy of the complaints procedure for the establishment. Social workers should then familiarise themselves with the complaints process and check that the child has been provided with information about, and understands, the complaints process and also about their entitlement to advocacy.

Young people who are remanded should also be provided with information which is routinely given to all children who become looked after. This could include for example:

• Contact details for their Social Worker, Independent Reviewing Officer and sources of support (including out of hours);
• Contact details for the Children's Commissioner Advice Line (0800 528 0731 / advice.team@childrenscommissioner.gov.uk);
• Information on the local Children's Rights / Advocacy Service / Independent Visitors for Looked After Children.

If a remanded child complains to their social worker about any aspect of their care while remanded, this should be recorded on the child's electronic record and reported to a manager and the child's IRO. The most appropriate response will vary depending on the nature of the complaint, and the type of accommodation the young person is remanded to, but could include a referral to Children's Social Care and possible Section 47 Enquiry if the complaint concerns actual or likely significant harm.

If the complaint concerns an allegation against staff, the London Safeguarding Children Procedures, Allegations Against Staff or Volunteers (People in Positions of Trust), who Work with Children Procedure should be followed. Complaints in relation to services provided by a local authority should be dealt with under the Complaints and Representations Procedure.

Where there are concerns that the young person is not being safeguarded or their welfare promoted (for example, there are concerns relating to the quality of care the young person is receiving, the suitability of the type of placement or issues around bullying, self harm, violence or intimidation), in the first instance it may be possible to resolve the concerns by agreement with the establishment itself.

Where issues cannot be resolved at establishment level, and if the responsible authority is of the view that the young person needs to be moved to another establishment, see Section 2.3, How to Request a Transfer or Placement Review.

The Local Authority should inform the establishment and His Majesty's Prison and Probation Service Young People's Team that they have decided to take this course of action.

The Youth Custody Service (YCS) carries out placement reviews to decide whether a transfer is required for a child or young person.

YOTs can ask for one if they are responsible for a child or young person and:

• Their circumstances change;
• There is a risk or issue with their current placement.

To request a transfer, the YOT should read the Placement Review Guidance and then:

• Convene a multi-disciplinary meeting to establish how risk can be managed or reduced;
• Complete the Placement Review Form (Refer to the Guidance and Tips document for support on completing this form);
• E-mail it to the Placement Review team at YCSTransfers@justice.gov.uk.

Other people can ask for a transfer but only the YOT and/or staff at the establishment where the child is placed should contact the YCS Placement Team.

The YCS Placement Team makes the final decision in the best interests of the child or young person after carefully considering all of the information available and opinions stated.

This means any accommodation provided by or on behalf of a local authority.

A court remanding a child to local authority accommodation may, after consultation with the designated authority, impose on the authority requirements for securing compliance with any conditions (see Section 3.3, Conditions/Electronic Monitoring) imposed on the child by the court, or requirements stipulating that the child must not be placed with a named person. In the absence of any such requirements, it is for the designated local authority to decide where the child resides.

Where a child is remanded to local authority accommodation, the designated local authority is responsible for identifying a suitable placement. The placement decision is made by Children’s Services of the designated local authority. The local authority can change the designated address without going back to the court. The court may also stipulate that the child must not be placed with a named person.

For as long as they remain looked after, these children are entitled to the same care planning and review processes as other looked after children. This includes ensuring that, while remanded, looked after children under the age of 16 are placed in a children's home, foster placement or in an 'other arrangements' placement if the child's needs are best met by the services provided in one of the exempted regulated settings. An 'other arrangements' placement can be an independent or semi-independent provision for looked after children aged 16 or 17 or an alternatively regulated setting. The responsible authority must be satisfied that the placement is in 'suitable accommodation'.

For further information, see: Placements in Other Arrangements Procedure.

Where a local authority is concerned that a child has a history of absconding and if the child absconds is likely to suffer significant harm, or, whilst on remand to local authority accommodation is likely to injure themself or other persons, the local authority may apply to the court for a child to be remanded in secure accommodation. This will enable the local authority to place the child in a secure children’s home. See Placements in Secure Accommodation on Welfare Grounds Procedure.

The court will ask the YOT officers in court which is the designated local authority for the child or young person. The final decision about which local authority has responsibility must be stated in open court. The paperwork for remand to local authority accommodation should be completed in full by the courts.

The designated local authority will be responsible for identifying a suitable placement.

Any person acting on behalf of that local authority can lawfully detain the child. The youth justice service, i.e., Youth Offending Team (YOT), has a statutory duty to support children on remand to local authority accommodation.

A court remanding a child to local authority accommodation may impose conditions (e.g. to ensure that (s)he does not interfere with witnesses, or makes themself available for the preparation of court reports). The court must consult with the local authority (via the YOT) before imposing any conditions onto the remand to local authority accommodation. The designated local authority may apply to the court for such conditions to be imposed.

The court may impose electronic monitoring on children aged 12 and over to secure compliance with such conditions provided that:

• The child or young person has been charged with or convicted of a violent or sexual offence, or an offence punishable in the case of an adult with imprisonment for a term of 14 years or more; or
• Is charged with or has been convicted of one or more imprisonable offences which, together with any other imprisonable offences of which they have been convicted in any proceedings, amount, or would amount if convicted of the offences with which they are charged, to a recent history of repeatedly committing imprisonable offences while remanded on bail or to local authority accommodation; and
• The court has been notified by the Secretary of State that electronic monitoring arrangements are available in the area and is satisfied that the necessary provision can be made under those arrangements; and
• The YOT has informed the court that the electronic monitoring requirement is suitable for that child or young person.

Legislation does not permit GPS ‘tagging’ (i.e. location or trail monitoring) on remand to local authority accommodation; electronic monitoring can only be used to monitor compliance with other conditions and not for standalone monitoring.

The court may impose requirements on the local authority for securing the child’s compliance with any conditions.

A court may, on the application of the designated authority or the child, vary or revoke any such conditions or requirements.

Breach of Conditions

The child may be arrested without an arrest warrant if there are reasonable grounds for suspecting that the child has broken any such conditions. The child must be brought before the court as soon as practicable and within 24 hours of the child’s arrest. Where that 24-hour period includes the time appointed for the child’s original court appearance, then the child should appear before that same court.

If the court is of the opinion that a child has broken any of the conditions of a remand to local authority accommodation, the court will consider a range of options in response, including warning the child, varying the conditions/attaching new conditions to the remand to local authority accommodation or, if the conditions (set out above) are met, remanding the child to youth detention accommodation. The local authority should take all actions possible to engage the child and support compliance.

If the court is not of the opinion that the child has broken any of the conditions of their remand to local authority accommodation, the court must remand the child subject to the original conditions imposed.

• Where a child is Looked After only by reason of being remanded to local authority accommodation, the care plan must be prepared within 5 working days of the child being remanded;

• The Care Plan does not need to include the plan for permanence/long-term plan for the child's upbringing, unless it is considered that the child needs to remain looked after once the period of remand has ceased. However, consideration must be given to what longer term support or accommodation the child will need following the remand episode.

Otherwise, the care planning arrangements are the same as for all other Looked After children – see Decision to Look After Procedure and Care Planning Procedure.

6.2.1 Where the child was Looked After immediately before being remanded:

• A detention placement plan must be prepared based upon the assessment that has informed the current Care / pathway plan (see Section 6.2.3, Detention Placement Plans);
• A copy of the Care / Pathway Plan must also be given to the Governor, Director or Registered Manager of the Youth Detention Accommodation;
• The provisions as to Health Assessments (see Health Care Assessments and Plans Procedure) do not apply.

6.2.2 Where the child was not Looked After immediately before being remanded:

• A Detention Placement Plan must be prepared instead of a Care Plan / Placement Plan, within 10 working days of the remand. This will require an assessment of 'sufficient quality' to ensure identification of the child's needs and how the YDA Establishment will respond to them on a day-day basis;
• The provisions as to Health Assessments (see Health Care Assessments and Plans Procedure) do not apply, but the responsible authority must take all reasonable steps to ensure that the child is provided with appropriate health care services, in accordance with the Detention Placement Plan including medical and dental care and treatment, and advice and guidance on health, personal care and health promotion issues;
• Visits should take place in accordance with the Social Worker Visits to Looked After Children Procedure. It is also good practice for the Social Worker to attend the child's remand planning meetings. In addition, where the child is serving their sentence in a SCH or STC, a visit should also take place if there has been a notification by the Ofsted Chief Inspector of the underperformance of a placement provider (under Section 30A of the Care Standards Act 2000 or under Section 47 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994) or, where the child is placed in a YOI, concerns about the welfare or safety of children are raised by His Majesty's Inspectorate of Prisons;
• In relation to Child Looked After Reviews Procedure, the responsible authority does not have to consider whether they should seek any change in the child's legal status, whether there is a plan for permanence for the child, or whether the placement continues to be the most appropriate available and whether any change to the placement agreement is likely to become necessary before the next review (see also Looked After Children and Young People in Contact with the Youth Justice Service Procedure);
• The provisions as to avoidance of disruption in education, placements out of area and termination of placements do not apply.

6.2.3 Detention Placement Plans

See Matters to be dealt with in a Detention Placement Plan of the Children Act 1989 Guidance and Regulations: Volume 2: Care Planning, Placement and Case Review.